How Power Density Impacts Fiber Laser Cutting Speed and Quality

Problem: Power ≠ Performance

In 2022, a fabrication lab in São Paulo upgraded from a 3kW to a 12kW fiber laser cutter, expecting speed to triple. It didn’t.

They ran 8mm mild steel at 1.5 m/min with nitrogen assist—but above 6kW, dross and edge oxidation returned. At 12kW, performance dropped. Turns out, beam quality and power density mattered far more than wattage alone.

Technical Grounding: What Power Density Really Means

Power density = Laser Power ÷ Beam Area
Measured in W/cm², it governs how fast and clean a laser can cut through material.

The shop had unknowingly used a multi-mode fiber with a 100μm core diameter, resulting in a spot size over 300μm—diluting power density. That meant:

  • Slower material penetration

  • Broader kerf width

  • Higher heat-affected zone (HAZ)

When they switched to a Raytu RT-S Series 6kW system using single-mode beam delivery, the effective power density increased from ~150kW/cm² to over 500kW/cm², despite using half the power.

Result: Speed + Quality Without Burn Marks

Post-switch data:

  • 10mm carbon steel cut at 2.7 m/min (vs 1.5 m/min before)

  • Edge bevel reduced from 1.2° to <0.4°

  • HAZ shrunk by 45%, verified via metallographic cross-section

Production manager Jorge Almeida said:

“Our old system had power, but no focus. Now our cuts need no sanding—straight to paint.”

Want to Go Faster and Cleaner?

If you're running over 6kW and still getting slag, don't just blame assist gas or machine age.
Check the beam diameter. Power density controls cutting physics.

View high-density beam solutions from Raytu

Better edges. Faster throughput. Fewer headaches. 

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